Analysis of John Greens Looking for Alaska

Investigation of John Greens Looking for Alaska Searching for Alaska Presentation: â€Å"The just way out of the maze of enduring is to forgive.† John Green, the writer of Looking for Alaska, composes a tale about a gathering of youthful grown-ups, where we perceive how love and companionship are uncommon and how life can disappear in a second. This book shows how in some cases grown-ups simply don't comprehend or don't perceive how huge circumstances are for young people. Grown-ups believe that young people think they are undetectable which by one way or another it is genuine youngsters do feel like they are imperceptible, however there is a major picture in this. Adolescents will consistently have companions that are consistently there for them. There will be consistently that somebody that encourages them go on and that is when companionship and live comes in. Life is a riddle is a â€Å"labyrinth† and everybody needs to discover out without anyone else before life is no more. The youthful grown-up novel speaks to a blend of types. It has sentiment , puzzle, and undertakings and this is on account of how the characters in the story live this insane and daring encounters. Outline: Miles Halter is a youthful grown-up who is intrigued by celebrated final words. Miles leaves his family in Florida to begin all inclusive school in Alabama. Miles goes to Culver Creek to look for a â€Å"Great Perhaps† which are the final expressions of his preferred artist before he passed on alluding to discover the way of achievement. At Culver Creek, Miles start an extremely solid fellowship with his flat mate Chip. Chip acquaints Miles with his other two exceptionally dear companions, Alaska and Takumi. Miles in organization of Alaska, Chip and Takumi experience insane undertakings. One day Miles, Chip and Alaska become truly inebriated. Couple days after the fact the school gets the news; Alaska had a fender bender and she passed on. Presently Miles and Chip are set to examine to comprehend what truly occurred and if Alaska’s demise was purposeful in her own particular manner to escape the â€Å"labyrinth†. Finally Miles and Chip never become acquainted wit h what truly occurred in that mishap however they comprehended that the main way out of the â€Å"labyrinth† of life and enduring is to excuse themselves which was what Alaska had left them after her passing. Life experience school was finished, Chip prepared to leave for excursion with his mom and Miles too. Miles returned home for excursion however he always remembered the message Alaska attempted to cause him to comprehend about how to escape the â€Å"labyrinth†. Character investigation: Gold country is one of the principle characters of the story. She turns into a puzzle to her companions and to the perusers when she kicks the bucket. Gold country has this bipolar kind of character; she is amusing, insane, and strange, and she can here and there be impolite and mean yet above all else she is exceptionally savvy. Gold country has been tormented since her mom passed on when she was nearly nothing, by one way or another Alaska feels regretful for her mothers’ demise. â€Å"She had fallen over. She was lying on the floor, holding her head and snapping. Furthermore, I blew a gasket. I ought to have called 911, yet I just began shouting and crying until she at long last halted jerking.† Even however Alaska has carried on an exceptionally extreme past, she is still exceptionally cheerful and fiery; or perhaps that is exactly how she needs others to see her. Gold country is the kind of individual that can be having a ton of fun one day and the following one sh e is absolutely other individual by being mean and discourteous. â€Å"I’m truly not in the mood for responding to any inquiries that start with how, when, where, why, or what.† Alaska is extremely beautiful or possibly is simply Miles making her look great. â€Å"And now is as acceptable a period as any to state she was beautiful†¦I could see her eyes-wild emeralds†¦And wonderful, yet hot, as well, with her bosom stressing against her tight tank top, her bended legs swinging to and fro underneath the swing.† Throughout the story Alaska changes a great deal. She develops from being a certain and solid young lady to an extremely confounded and burdensome one. Subsequent to recalling what befell her mom, she can't stand the blame she feels and she turns into a cool individual. The Frozen North kicks the bucket in the story and that is the point at which the riddle comes since she left everything to be proceeded. â€Å"‘This is so fun’ she m urmured, ‘but I’m so languid. To be continued?’† Alaska consistently thought of life as a maze of affliction and she needed to comprehend what the exit from it was. She finds that her solitary way out of the â€Å"labyrinth† of enduring was to excuse. The Frozen North needed to excuse herself for what befell her mom and top getting all the blame of something she didn't do. Investigation and Evaluation: In this book John Green was attempting to tell how he sees this present reality in a teenager fiction story. John was attempting to bring the peruser into the â€Å"labyrinth of life† and convince us to search for our own â€Å"Great Perhaps† (reason throughout everyday life). John did an entirely great job gathering us into the maze and making us consider what we truly need. He conceals the genuine significance; his contemplations about what he truly thinks about existence in the story. He made a story that could be handily delighted in by everybody that peruses the book and still has the outcome he needed. Perusing the book was justified, despite all the trouble. Presently I have an alternate point of view of life. How I see life presently is as a game, a test, a riddle and on the off chance that I discover the best approach to dominate the match, outperform the test or illuminate the riddle life will have a compensation for me. In the event that I find what I am here for I will be fruitful. As a peruser of Looking for Alaska, I would absolutely prescribe it to different perusers. I probably won't be a specialist of books however of the considerable number of books I have perused this book thoroughly goes into my preferred ones. The book bolsters a large number of my convictions and perspective about specific things. Something that the book bolsters me on is about friendship and love. â€Å"If you should communicate love, I generally felt, you ought to do it†. This statement truly got to me since that is precisely the same thing I generally says about somebody who says that adores another person. On the off chance that somebody really cherishes another person the individual needs to demonstrate their friendship to the next individual. Something else that the book and I have a similar idea is tied in with battling for what we truly need. â€Å"‘Sometimes you lose a fight. Be that as it may, naughtiness consistently wins the war.â₠¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬  This statement grabbed my eye since this is really a general perspective and numerous individuals may think along these lines as well. In any case, I enjoyed this statement since it helped me to remember times when I was unable to accomplish something and afterward I recollected what my folks consistently let me know, like the statement, that occasionally in life you will lose a few fights yet on the off chance that you work enough you could win the war and be effective. End: Searching for Alaska is a great book. The book has a really intriguing story. Despite the fact that there were parts in the book that appeared that something was missing it was child of the reason; leaving the peruser considering what was the following occasion. The writer brought the perusers into this new viewpoint of life. Exactly how Miles comprehended the exit from the â€Å"labyrinth of life† everybody needs to locate their own particular manner out. Likewise adjacent to finding the exit from the maze individuals need to discover their motivation throughout everyday life so they not, at this point carry on with this life brimming with vacancy asking themselves what they are absent.

Individual Assignment Essay Example for Free

Singular Assignment Essay Budgetary Concepts Guillermo Navallez is tested with a market changes that have happened over the recent years. With the monetary condition made by the new rivalry and increment in labor costs, he should apply standards of money to decide the best game-plan to permit his furniture store to endure. After audit and keen thought Guillermo chose to utilize the accompanying to decide the best strategy: The Principle of Self-Interest Behavior, the Signaling Principle, and The Principle of Comparative Advantage. Utilizing the conduct based standards, financial matters and brain science can be incorporated to help in the dynamic procedure. Similarly, ability can be the reason for decisions made. The Principle of Self-Interested Behavior People by and large, act in their own money related personal responsibility. The Principle of Self-Interested Behavior expresses that when everything is equivalent, parties included will incline toward the activity that is most monetarily favorable. A key idea with this rule is the possibility of chance expenses, or the contrast between the estimation of one activity and the estimation of best other option (Emery, Finnerty, Stowe, 2007). To boost potential benefits, Guillermo will need to audit cautiously the various alternatives accessible. The turn of events and audit of foresee money related outcomes will help distinguish from an absolutely budgetary point of view. The Principle of Self-Interested Behavior would help Guillermo with his end choice, if his budgetary intrigue was the most significant segment. While considering his anxiety the impact that the choice will have on his family life, this rule will probably not be the directing power in the choice he makes. The Signaling Principle The Signaling Principle is an expansion of the Principle of Self-Interested Behavior (Emery, Finnerty, Stowe, 2007). Choices of one gathering in a budgetary market will give signs to other people. The familiar proverb â€Å"actions talk stronger than words† is an away from of this rule (Garger, 2011). The activities of the contenders can assume a significant job in the dynamic procedure. Guillermo comprehends that how others are taking care of the adjustments in the market can assist him with his choice. He discovers that a significant number of his rivals are merging in to huge associations. The way taken by the others in the business were not appealing to him. Guillermo saw that extra administration sensibility and the constrained retirements were not fitting to his way of life or individual money related desires. The Signaling Principle would be a decent practice for the outside rivalry as they would profit by seeing how others benefited from the circumstance of the individual furniture producers left in the market. The Principle of Comparative Advantage Much like the general thought that the United States’ financial framework is based, the Principle of Comparative Advantage expressed that if individuals do what they excel at, the most qualified individuals will be finishing that sort of work. One can pay another to do what they excel at and the other way around. Remote exchange depends on this equivalent thought. A few nations can create products more financially than others. By delivering these products and exchanging them with nations that can effectively create another required great, everyone benefits (Emery, Finnerty, Stowe, 2007). Through his exploration, Guillermo found an organization that was all the while working in only in Norway, however was hoping to disseminate in the North America. Guillermo had associations with merchants and master information regarding the furniture being looked for after. By turning into a delegate for the Norwegian organization, he would work with the system he had created to disseminate their items. His organization center would change from principally assembling to dissemination. The Norwegian organization would pay him for work he was very able to do, and they would make a greater part of the furniture that would be sold. Both Guillermo and the furniture creator would win under of the Principle of Comparative Advantage. End Principles of fund can be extremely advantageous in settling on business choices. They can manage the opposition in the monetary condition, making esteem and monetary productivity, and money related exchanges.

Branding Tip #1 Using A Custom Email Address

Branding Tip #1 Using A Custom Email Address Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Branding Tip #1: Using A Custom Email AddressUpdated On 09/01/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Branding 101 FeaturedShort URL : https://hbb.me/2CDJ1vz CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWelcome to HellBound Bloggers (HBB) Branding Series! Branding is nothing but increasing the visibility of your brand. Ill publish a series of blog posts that helps to brand your blog/product/company and make it professional. Ah, Im not an expert but Im sure simple tips are the building blocks for a systems core value. So here we are, first Ill start with this simple yet valuable one.Are you still using those usual random email addresses like blogname@gmail.com or nameplusbirthdate@yahoo.co.in? Of course they are secure and reliable, in fact you can use these for the accounts that involves transactions. But when you are displaying such email addresses publicly on your blog youll lack pr ofessional and branding. Talking about Branding, it takes your blog to the next level free of charge.Using custom email addresses are healthy for your blogs brand and ensures trust. Readers and Advertisers find such email addresses easy to remember. Lets say:advertise@example.com For advertising queriesname@example.com Individual Authors Email Addressreport@example.com For Feedback/Reports/Bugs See, it is easy to remember and looks professional. Now the question is, how to create such custom email addresses. We had Google Apps earlier to create such address for free, but unfortunately they closed their free version due to some reasons. Now you have to pay for using them. But fortunately we have a very good alternative, that too from Microsoft, pleasant isnt it? Gmail vs Outlook!They are the two recommended ways for creating custom email addresses like mentioned above,#1 Microsoft Live Domains (Outlook.com) (FREE)#2 Google Apps (Gmail.com) (PAID)I cant really compare their feat ures, and say which is greater. But Ill tell this, if you have bucks and if you are only comfortable with Gmail interface then go for #2, if not then #1 is the BEST option.Microsoft Live Domains (Outlook.com)Here, after configuring everything youll be using Outlook.com awesome new interface with your custom email address.Google Apps (Gmail.com)Im one of those few lucky users who registered Google Apps before they closed their free version. It was really a big disappointment considering the fact how popular Gmail and Google are. They have also restricted the number of free accounts (users) we can create.So like I mentioned above if you have some good bucks and if you are only comfortable with Gmail interface then go for it, else go for Microsofts Outlook.com and save those bucks. For configuring Google Apps for your domain, you can refer this detailed guide How to Setup a Professional Email Address with Google Apps and GmailHope this Branding Tip #1 is very easy to apply, it just ta kes, say 15 to 20 minutes to do this. So kindly do this fast, and let us know in the comments if you face any difficulties.Also you can connect with us on: HBB FB Page | HBB FB Group | HBB Twitter for further updates regarding this Branding Series.READHOW TO: Protect Your Brand Online

Biography of Abraham Lincoln - 2539 Words

On February 12, 1809 Thomas and Nancy Lincoln welcomed their first son, Abraham, into the world. Abraham was named after his grandfather who was killed by Indians in 1786 near Nolin Creek in Hardin County, Kentucky. (Stone 8) Young Abraham spent the first few years in Nolin Creek but by the age of two his father, in search of better farming land, moved them a few miles away to Knob Creek. Lincoln’s family was against slavery even though at one time his family had owned slaves. They gave up that practice before Lincoln was born and his family even left their church to join one that supported antislavery. When young Abraham was old enough, he began helping his father with all the farm work and he too shared in the belief that owning slaves was wrong. Lincoln’s mother, even though illiterate, believed that her children needed and education so she would recite scriptures she had committed to memory to them daily and she encouraged them to attend school whenever possible. Abraham was eager to learn, so when his chores were finished he and his sister, Sarah, would walk over two miles to attend school. In 1816, at the age of 7, Abraham and his family moved again and this time they moved to the free state of Indiana where land was cheap and slavery was not allowed. (Stone 10) It was here that Abraham’s mother became ill from milk sickness and later died at the age of 34. Abraham’s father needed a wife and mother, so the following year he married an old friend named Sara BushShow MoreRelatedBiography of Abraham Lincoln1491 Words   |  6 PagesBiography of Abraham Lincoln Dominique Bailey Table of Contents Page 3 – Introduction Page 4 – Early Life Page 5 – Law Career Page 6 – Entering Politics Page 7 – Elected President Page 8 – Emancipation Proclamation - Civil War Page 9 – Reconstruction - Assassination Page 10 – Conclusion Page 11 – Bibliography 3 Introduction Read MoreA Brief Biography of Abraham Lincoln620 Words   |  3 PagesAbraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky, United States of America and died on April 15, 1865. Throughout his life, Abraham showed an excessive amount of influence on not only the U.S.A. but the whole world. I have made this biography to tell about the life of this international hero. Abraham was an only child who grew up in poverty with his father, Thomas Lincoln, who was a carpenter and mother, Nancy Hanks, who died in 1818. Shortly after Nancy’s death, Thomas married Sarah JohnstonRead MoreBiography of Abraham Lincoln1047 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln was a self-educated lawyer who did not support slavery. He surprised many people when he became the 16th President mainly because he beat out several promising contenders. During the Civil War Lincoln became quite brilliant with military strategy and an excellent wartime leader. With the Union on the brink of victory Lincoln became a martyr when he was shot and killed by a Confederate sympathizer by the name of John Wilkes Booth. Over time Lincoln became known as one of the greatestRead MoreA Brief Biography on Abraham Lincoln Essay1132 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln â€Å"Abraham Lincoln caught the publics attention for a long time as he presented a great role model for all Americans. Even today, almost all political conversation mentions him as his achievements have spoken for him (Samuels,2012).† As an illustration, there are thousands of books, articles and web pages which talks about Lincoln and his own extra ordinary life achievements. â€Å"Lincoln was born in 1809 in small hut located on a farm called Skining Spring Farm in Hardin County, KentuckyRead MoreBiography Of George Nelson Mandela And Bill Gates And Abraham Lincoln1367 Words   |  6 PagesGreat Leader When assigned the task of identifying an individual who I believe embodies what it means to be a great leader, well-known figures such as Martin Luther King, Jr., Mother Teresa, Winston Churchill, Nelson Mandela, Bill Gates and Abraham Lincoln initially come my mind. The impact of their distinct leadership styles continues to inspire people around the globe and has earned each of them undisputed leadership recognition. However, in the quiet shadows of these great leaders arises theRead MoreThe Life Of Abraham Lincoln1356 Words   |  6 PagesThe Life of Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln, Civil Rights Activist, U.S. Representative, U.S. President, and lawyer is regarded as one of America’s most successful presidents due to his incredible impact on the nation, and his views on slavery and civil rights. Abraham Lincoln, also referred to by Honest Abe, had one of the hardest jobs a president can have and that is being a war-time leader. Despite the odds, Lincoln persevered through his rough childhood and found his way into politics and laterRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln928 Words   |  4 PagesP. Thomas, Abraham Lincoln: A Biography (Southern Illinois University Press, 2008). †¢ David Herbert Donald, We Are Lincoln Men: Abraham Lincoln and His Friends (Simon Schuster, 2004). †¢ Roy Morris Jr., The Long Pursuit: Abraham Lincoln’s Thirty-Year Struggle with Stephen Douglas for the Heart and Soul of America (Bison Books, 2010). 5. Similar Articles: †¢ Mary Frances Berry, â€Å"Lincoln and Civil Rights for Blacks,† Volume 2, Issue 1, 1980, pp. 46-57 (Journal of The Abraham Lincoln Association)Read MoreLincoln Memorial Essay1004 Words   |  5 PagesHaving only read about the Lincoln memorial, I never had the chance to experience the sensation of being inside such an honorable place of importance. The imposing white marble walls of the memorial and the many people surrounding it could be seen from afar. Arriving at the location, an unknown feeling came over me. I was experiencing history in a whole different level. When I think about a memorial, the term remembrance comes to mind. Seeing the statue of Abraham Lincoln brought pieces of memoriesRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : The President That Held Our Nation Together1017 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln Research Paper Abraham Lincoln. The president that held our nation together. Lincoln’s early life. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in a log cabin in Hardin County Kentucky, to his parents Thomas Lincoln, and mother Nancy Lincoln. They moved around and eventually settled in the back-woods of Indiana. They lived in a small cabin in the back-country of Indiana. As said by biography.com, â€Å"where the family squatted on public land to scrap out a living in a crudeRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1191 Words   |  5 PagesDavis March 21, 2015 Abraham Lincoln was one of the greatest presidents in the United States. He started out his career in a humble settings in a one room log cabin to becoming the President. His dedication to learning more where he self taught himself law while working as a shopkeeper and poastmaster. He finally took the bar exam where he passed it which was the first step of many that he took on his way to becoming the President. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in

Volunteer Opportunities for Online High School Students

Many online high schools require that students complete volunteer hours in order to be eligible for a high school diploma. But, finding a local volunteer opportunity can be difficult if your school does not have a counseling office. Fortunately, volunteer websites can help. If you need to find a volunteer opportunity in your area, try one of these sites. Common Volunteer Opportunities Volunteer Match – This growing database lists thousands of volunteer opportunities searchable by area code. Many listings specify whether or not a particular opportunity is suitable for teen volunteers. You can also search for virtual volunteer opportunities (such as writing web content or putting together newsletters) that can be done in your own home.Charity Guide – Use this site to find hundreds of flexible volunteerism projects that can be done at your own pace. Create a baby supply kit, plant a green roof, or host a bluebird house. You can find projects to rescue animals, help children, protect the environment, and promote safety. Some volunteer activities can be done in as few as fifteen minutes. (Full disclosure: I am also a writer for this non-profit website).The Red Cross – Almost everyone lives near a Red Cross center. Find a local Red Cross and ask what you can do to help. Volunteers prepare for disasters, staff offices, work in homeless shelters, and perform many other services that are valuable to the community. Does It Meet Your Requirements? Before deciding on any service project, check with your school to make sure the opportunity meets all requirements. Some online schools will allow you  to do individual volunteer projects on your own as long as a parent logs your volunteer hours. Other schools require that you work with a specific organization and send in a letter from a supervisor. If you choose a project that suits you, volunteering can be a rewarding experience. Not only will you finish your required hours, you will also get the sense of accomplishment that comes from knowing youve made a real difference in the world.

Maintaining Dominant Systems Of Sexuality - 2028 Words

Normal is constantly used to oppress and silence those who do not fit under this definition constructed by institutional forces within society. These institutions have been created to serve as building blocks for society, to guide the public. Originally, these institutions were started to protect and create order, but in today’s world, they provide no protection. However, if an individual does not fit within the system’s socially constructed idea they are objectified for being â€Å"different†. This is especially clear when it comes to sexuality. If society were to denaturalize gender and sexuality, then there would be a way to look at everyone as unique, that â€Å"normal† does not exist because everything is historically and socially constructed.†¦show more content†¦This idea of the average American family, does not accurately depict our society. With the image of this ideal household, this sets a standard that may be impossible for some, due t o their race, gender, class, sexuality, etc. Heterosexuality is never questioned or threaten within society because it is normal. Not only is it a political institution, but it is contributing to the constructions of the gender binary. In Compulsory Heterosexuality, the concept of becoming a mother is brought the reader’s attention. Women are emotionally available and caring towards others so, they make for great mothers. There are plenty of women who choose not to be mothers, does this make them any less of a women because they do not fall under the definition of the female binary. On page 637 of Compulsory Heterosexuality the author writes, â€Å"I am suggesting that heterosexuality, like motherhood, needs to be recognized and studied as a political institution-even, or especially by those individuals who feel they are, in their personal experience, the precursors of a new relation between the sexes.† Now, the gender binary, family gives society the impression that t he men have to be hard working and to provide for his family. While the women are expected to take care of everything else and take care of the

Natural Dyes as Colored Paste free essay sample

Paste is an adhesive starch product. This study shows that we can create our own colored paste without much need of time and money and by performing easy steps. In this way, this investigatory project can help in the budget of students when they can’t afford to buy the expensive colored glue and it can also help as an additional source of income. It’s safe because the ingredients used are cassava starch, water, natural dyes from plants, and alum. Alum as preservative to prolong shelf-life, starch and water as the adhesive solution and natural dyes such as alugbate seeds, turmeric roots and cassava leaves were tested as coloring for this paste by grinding, soaking and squeezing. Heating the solution brought upon its stickiness due to starch. We can also use other colors from plants through further research and study for improvement of colored paste quality. As students, we can be practical by using our heads and hands instead of wasting our money. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Dyes as Colored Paste or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This project doesn’t need much time and money. The basic ingredients are cassava starch, water, alum, and natural dyes from plants. Statement of the Problem This study sought to answer the following problems: 1. ) Can we produce natural dyes from annatto seeds, roots of turmeric and cassava leaves and paste from cassava starch and alum? 2. ) Is the paste safe to use? Objectives The study aims to: 1. ) Make a non-toxic paste. 2. ) Make a cheaper paste. 3. ) Find out if cassava leaves can be used as natural dye. Significance of the Study The significance of the study is that we can produce colored paste without wasting time and money. In cases when you need to use glue at that very moment because you have to make an assignment and you go to the store which is far and no glue is available, you can make your own colored paste at home without the burden of paying for your jeepney fare or gasoline and buying expensive glues from bookstores. Another importance is that it can be used as an additional source of income if there are students with financial problems and no permanent job. Scope and Limitations The study used alugbate seeds, turmeric roots and cassava leaves as coloring. In the first experiment, we used cassava leaves as coloring. We found out that the corresponding color to the leaves was a very faint green but when the heating process was done, the color became grayish white. The paste’s stickiness lasted for a week. In the second experiment, we used turmeric roots as coloring. The paste’s color and stickiness lasted for a week. In the third experiment, alugbate seeds were used as the colouring. The paste lasted for only three days. The dyes are produced only to make colored paste. Chapter III: Mehodology Materials and Equipment * * Natural dye * Cassava Starch * Hot water * Alum * Strainer * Stove * Casserole * Mortar and Pestle * Container * Graduated Cylinder * Beaker * Bowl * Knife Procedure First and foremost, prepare all the needed materials. Then, segregate the seeds from the leaves and roots. Note: Do each extraction and decoction separately. Extract the coloring from the alugbate seeds and turmeric roots by grinding them in the mortar and pestle and squeeze then soak in cup of hot water in bowl.

Arguments For Existence Of God Essays - , Term Papers

Arguments For Existence Of God Many philosophers and theologians have provided varying arguments for the existence of God. These arguments are either a priori, understood independent of worldly experience and observation (Ontological Argument), or a posteriori, dependent on experience and based on observations of how the world is (Cosmological and Teleological Arguments). This paper will focus on the Cosmological Argument, and show that its underlying principle, the Principle of Sufficient Reason, fails to establish it as a sound argument for the existence of God. To accomplish this, I will, first, define the Cosmological Argument and the Principle of Sufficient Reason; then explain the argument, and how it is based on the Principle of Sufficient Reason; and finally, show that there is not enough evidence to prove that the Principle of Sufficient Reason is true, which in turn leads to the flaw in the Cosmological Argument. First, what are the Cosmological Argument and the Principle of Sufficient Reason? There are many versions of the argument. Saint Thomas Aquinas (in the thirteenth century) and Samuel Clarke (in the eighteenth century) are the dominant contributors in the development of the argument (Rowe 21). Though their arguments differ slightly, both men based their arguments on the observation that the world is rooted on causal relationships. Their arguments can be summarized into one argument as follows: (1) Either the world is made up of things that depend on others for their existence (dependent beings), or things that are self-existent (independent beings). (2) Not everything can depend on another for its existence. (3) Therefore, there is some self-existing being, and that being is God. The Principle of Sufficient Reason (PSR) maintains that there must be an explanation (a) of the existence of any being, and (b) of any positive fact whatever (Rowe 24). Thus, there is an explanation for why I exist (PSRa), and also an explanation for every feature of my life (PSRb). Second, what is the meaning of the argument and how is it based on PSR? Premise (1) stems from Anselm's division of beings into the three cases: 'explained by another [dependent beings],''explained by nothing,''and explained by itself [independent/self-existing being]' (Rowe 22). The first rule of PSR holds that every being must have an explanation for its existence. A being that is explained by nothing violates this first rule, and as a result, is left out of premise (1). This allows for only two possible types of beings -- either dependent or self-existent. If you hold PSR to be true, them premise (1) is uncontroversial. Because it is an either, or statement, only one of the two types of beings needs to exist for the premise to be true. We know that there are at least dependent beings, so premise (1) is true. Premise (2) states that everything cannot be a dependent being. Why is this the case? William Rowe does an excellent job of explaining why if PSR is true, then premise (2) is also true. He (Rowe 24-25) says let's suppose that there has never been a self-existing being, but only an infinite series of dependent beings. In this series, every being has an explanation, because it is explained by the being that came before it and that caused its existence (follows with PSRa), but what caused the series? PSRb says that the fact that the series exists requires it to have an explanation, but if there have only existed dependent beings, the series will not have an explanation. It won't do to say that As [where As equal dependent beings] have always been producing other As -- we can't explain why there have always been As by saying that there have always been As (Rowe 25). Thus, a self-existing being is the only explanation for the series, and premise (2) is true. Thus, because premise (1) shows that there are only two kinds of beings (dependent or self-existent), and everything cannot be a dependent being, it follows that there must be some self-existing being. So far, it seems that the Cosmological Argument indeed proves the existence of a self-existing being. Both of its premises have been shown to be true, so it passes the premise test, and also, the conclusion follows from the premises -- it passes the

Surrealistic Art essays

Surrealistic Art essays The modern world has become filled with brilliant designs of art, which are now very influential to viewers of every age. Todays television programs are filled with elaborate special effects and designs that create a sense of wonder as they are seen. Diverse artwork has been present in the world for hundreds of years but was never fully appreciated for the beauty that they beheld. Until recent years, this form of art was rejected but is now in many television programs and especially in the music videos of today. Surrealism has helped to educate and shape the way people today view art and has led to a new form of expression in the modern world. Surrealism is art without direct meaning, which doesnt always portray the beautiful aspects of Earth, but instead show truth in a hidden form. When surrealism was in the early stages, it was rejected because it reflected the truth of an unhappy life and wasnt filled with what the public felt should be shown. As human education evolved, they began to notice what surrealism was all about and soon began to demand more and more. One individual, Salvador Dali, helped put surrealism on the map for art lovers around the world. Dali was born on the eleventh of May in 1904 at Figueras, Spain. In 1918, he entered his first art exhibit, which he became well known from at his early age. His surrealistic style didnt begin until 1930 when he began to explore his emotions and started painting his feelings. In 1932 he exhibited his first surrealistic art show in the United States. Throughout Dalis life he published many novels and autobiographies along with numerous screenplays. In 1984, Dali was severely burnt by a fire that started in his house. He later died in 1989 of heart failure in the Torre Galatea where he had been living since the fire at his previous home. Dalis artwork is now treasured and is featured in art galleries around the world. The Pe...

Product Design in Cyberspace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Product Design in Cyberspace - Essay Example This can facilitate them in their negative activities and can be a potential source of harm for the peace of the society as a whole. People who are in such professions that require use of GPS have little trouble accessing it even if it is not available through Ebay. However, others that are not in a position to purchase GPS from their local areas can easily purchase it on Ebay and use it for whatever purpose they want. There are many areas where people are supposed to get a license to keep a GPS with them because it is a potential source of help for criminals particularly when they want to perform their act in groups. Likewise, GPS software should also not be allowed to sell on Ebay because of the same reason as that for GPS device. Worst thing people have a problem with at Ebay: Worst thing people have a problem with on Ebay is that it does not allow sale of any kind of medication (Hubpages, 2011). Fake medicines are common in a lot of underdeveloped countries. In these countries, p eople produce false medicines in the name of real ones in order to make profits on the cost of customers’ life. People are highly skeptical about the quality of medicine they purchase. Medicines are already very costly.

Teaching English Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Teaching English Language - Essay Example In 1990, one in 20 public school students in grades K-12 was an English language learner (ELL), that is, a student who speaks English either not at all or with enough limitations that he or she cannot fully participate in mainstream English instruction. Today the figure is 1 in 9. Demographers estimate that in 20 years it might be 1 in 4. The ELL population has grown from 2 million to5 million since 1990, a period when the overall school population increased only 20 percent. By far, the majority of ELLs - 80 percent - are Spanish speakers" (Teaching English Language Learners, p3). CALP - (cognitive academic language proficiency) the dimension of proficiency in which a learner manipulates or reflects on the surface features of language in academic contexts, such as text-taking, writing analysis, and reading academic texts. The following definitions have been earmarked for further study: "Predictable and consistent classroom management routines, aided by diagrams, lists, and easy-to-read schedules on the board or on charts, to which the teacher refers frequently; Graphic organizers that make content and the relationships among concepts and different lesson elements visually explicit; Additional time and opportunities for practice, either during the school day, after school, or for homework; Redundant key information, e.g., visual cues, pictures, and physical gestures about lesson content and classroom procedures; Identifying, highlighting, and clarifying difficult words and passages within texts to facilitate comprehension, and more generally greatly emphasizing vocabulary development; Helping students consolidate text knowledge by having the teacher, other students, and ELLs themselves

Online Classes versus Traditional Classes Essay Example for Free

Online Classes versus Traditional Classes Essay Technology and education has given students many choices in how they obtain their education such as online classes. There have been numerous discussions recently about the success of online learning. The success of the online classes versus traditional classes is based upon the uniqueness of each individual way of learning. Online classes and traditional classes provide flexibility, direct communication and course materials. Studies have shown that online classes can be successful and that on average most students perform better than being in a traditional classroom. The argument of online classes and traditional classes; which is better than the other has many exceptional differences. One is the discussion of how does a person learn: is he a visual, auditory or kinesthetic learner? A visual leaner needs written materials, exercises and graphics. An auditory learner has to hear it, repeat it and needs to have a discussion. A kinesthetic learner needs real life simulations, hands on demonstration and needs to see how the principle works. Visual learners and kinesthetic learners most likely would be more successful in online courses because of the atmosphere it provides. Auditory learners would need to have traditional classes which would provide the best learning opportunity for their learning style. There are cases that individuals do not know how they learn best; an assessment should be given in the situation. The second discussion is flexibility. Online classes and traditional classes both can be just as flexible as the other. Online classes may seem more flexible but depending on the class the deadlines of each assignment may be very time consuming. Online classes sometimes provide more work than traditional classes. Traditional classes can be flexible due to the times that you select to take the classes. Schools are providing more night classes and early morning classes for the working and family-oriented students. Traditional classes provide more lecturing and sometimes more hands on in order to teach the concepts. The third discussion is communication. Online classes communicate by sending  and receiving emails. Some classes have chat rooms for discussions which provide the students opportunities to enrich their understanding of the course or subject being discussed. It also allows those individuals that normally would not speak in discussions to express their thoughts. The instant transfer of material is convenient for the students and professors to communicate. A traditional class allows students to verbally exchange ideas and ask questions directly to the professors. Sometimes this environment does not allow the students to fully express themselves due to time constraints. Some people feel that there are communication barriers in a face to face classroom setting due to time and class structure. (Anderson) One of the most important debates between the two classes is the course materials. The question has been asked if the online course is giving adequate material to teach an individual a lesson. Studies show that online professors give more than enough resources to express the subject and also gives practice graded material to ensure that the student understands. Traditional classes have been accused of doing the opposite and taking for granted that the students are in their presence and extra resources are sometimes a rarity. Online classes allow a person to minimize their distractions and it gives them the ability to fully concentrate on the material they are presented with. A person that enrolls in an online course should be self-motivated in order to be in an environment that requires the individual to monitor themselves and be responsible to handle the course as if it was a traditional course. (Kassop) Online courses provide the ability to be accessible at all times but the work that is required should be quality work. The students’ writing ability will enhance because this is their only form of communication. (Kassop) The professors do not expect students to procrastinate because of the accessibility but the possibility is there. The professors of these courses expect more from the online students since there are not time restraints. Online students have the ability to form small groups to relate to because the workload in online course is difficult. The workload is believed to be difficult be cause of the apparent reason of teaching themselves. Traditional classes allow students social interaction which is a vital piece for many students. There is a set amount of time in a classroom setting and there is limited one on one interaction with the professor. Professors have the ability to read their students body language to assure them if the material or concept is being understood by his or her students. Traditional classes also allow students to get behind if they miss a day or an assignment. The traditional classroom allows the students to strengthen various areas of their social skills such as verbally expressing themselves in classroom discussions. There are differences and similarities in online courses and traditional courses. Throughout are reading and research there can be two conclusions: 1. Online courses are better than traditional courses if the individual is discipline to take the course. 2. Online courses and traditional courses are just as good as the other because they both have the same goals and are achieving the goals to the students that are willing to receive. Works Cited Anderson, Terry, Elloumi, Fathi Theory and Practice of Online Learning (eds.) (2003) http://cde.athabascau.ca/online_book Angiello, Roanne. Study Looks at Online Learning vs. Traditional Instruction. Education Digest 76.2 (2010): 56-59. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 30 Nov. 2010. Diaz, D.P., Cartnal. R.B. Students learning styles in two classes: Online distance learning and equivalent on-campus. College Teaching 47(4), 130-135 Kassop, Mark. The Technology Source. May/June 2003. 6 August 2011

Hang Up and Drive Essay -- Persuasive, social reform, Argumentative, c

Imagine my typical workday commute on a casual mid-morning. I’ll be dressed and ready to make the ten mile drive from Vancouver to Portland for work. As I turn the key and back out, I slam the brakes as a green late model Sienna almost T-bones me when I'm clearly half-way out the street. I glare back, like any driver would, and see she is still talking on her phone making her way around me like I was a minor obstacle in her day. I drive out the neighborhood and make my way to the interstate. At the next intersection I get stuck at a light that just turns green while a kid, I can see the â€Å"Class of 2010† writing all around the car, has their head down tapping a text message out and looks up after I chirp my horn. By this time i've developed a touch of impatience that's working its way to road rage and its getting fueled by my commute that brings me across the Glen Jackson Bridge. Numerous times I see the â€Å"triangle†, which is the â€Å" i'm on the phone multi-tasking and I forgot how to drive† pose. I finally make it into work at my last wits. I start to walk in when I almost get mowed down by a fellow coworker. This is the point where I call in to work cause I need a mental health day. Everyone described is the sum product of the problem of driving while using a cell phone. This day was not a dramatization but more of a realization of a problem we have here in the Portland Metro Area. I feel on this short commute my anger was not directed at any certain demographic. There is no age, pay grade, religious affiliation associate with my rage. It is that my fellow commuters disregard their local laws while using their cell phone. My solution would be charge a cell phone user with a primary traffic infraction and implement current technol... ..., David, Frank Drews, and Dennis Couch. "A Comparison of the Cell Phone Driver and the Drunk Driver." A Comparison of the Cell Phone Driver and the Drunk Driver. University of Utah, 04 Mar. 2005. Web. 28 Feb. 2010. . Repko, Melissa. "Oregon Senate passes bill banning driving while using hand-held cell phone | Oregon Local News - OregonLive.com." Oregon Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - OregonLive.com. The Oregonian, 23 June 2009. Web. 01 Mar. 2010. . "Cell Phone Subscribers in the U.S., 1985–2008 Infoplease.com." Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas, Biographies, Dictionary, Thesaurus. Free online reference, research & homework help. Infoplease.com. Web. 01 Mar. 2010. .

Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular disease is a general name for a wide variety of diseases, disorders and conditions that affect the heart and sometimes the blood vessels as well. Risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease include having hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Other risk factors include being of African-American ancestry, male, drinking excessive amounts of alcohol, having a lot of long-term stress, smoking and having a family history of a heart attack at an early age.Some different types of cardiovascular disease includes angina, heart attack, heart failure, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and cardiac arrhythmias. Other forms of cardiovascular disease include congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathy, infections of the heart, coronary artery disease, heart valve disorders, myocarditis, and pericarditis. Symptoms of cardiovascular disease vary depending on the specific type of cardiovascular disease. A classic symptom of cardiovascu lar disease is chest pain.However, with some forms of cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, there may be no symptoms in some people until life-threatening complications. Treatment of cardiovascular disease begins with prevention. Many forms of cardiovascular disease can be prevented or controlled effectively with prevention measures that include regular exercise, not smoking or drinking excessively, achieving and maintaining a healthy weight, and eating a heart-healthy well-balanced diet. Risk factors, such as high cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension can be prevented or controlled through these lifestyle changes, regular medical care and/or medication.Heart disease can be improved — or even prevented — by making certain lifestyle changes. The following changes can help anyone who wants to improve his or her heart health: Stop smoking. Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease, especially atherosclerosis. Nicotine constricts blood vessels and force s your heart to work harder, and carbon monoxide reduces oxygen in your blood and damages the lining of your blood vessels. If you smoke, quitting is the best way to reduce your risk of heart disease and its complications.Control your blood pressure. Ask your doctor for a blood pressure measurement at least every two years. Check your cholesterol. Ask your doctor for a baseline cholesterol test when you're in your 20s and then at least every five years. Keep diabetes under control. If you have diabetes, tight blood sugar control can help reduce the risk of heart disease. Get moving. If you have heart disease, exercise helps you achieve and maintain a healthy weight and control diabetes, elevated cholesterol and high blood pressure — all risk factors for heart disease.If you have a heart arrhythmia or heart defect, there may be some restrictions on the activities you can do, so be sure to talk to your doctor first. With your doctor's OK, aim for 30 to 60 minutes of physical ac tivity most days of the week. Even if you can't make time for one 30- to 60-minute exercise session, you can still benefit from breaking up your activity into several 10-minute sessions. Eat healthy foods. A heart-healthy diet based on fruits, vegetables and whole grains — and low in saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium — can help you control your weight, blood pressure and cholesterol.Eating one or two servings of fish a week also is beneficial. Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight increases your risk of heart disease. Weight loss is especially important for people who have large waist measurements — more than 40 inches (101. 6 centimeters, or cm) for men and more than 35 inches (88. 9 cm) for women — because people with this body shape are more likely to develop diabetes and heart disease. Manage stress. Reduce stress as much as possible. Practice healthy techniques for managing stress, such as muscle relaxation and deep breathing. Practice good hygiene habits.Staying away from other people when they are sick and regularly washing your hands can not only prevent heart infections but also can help prevent viral or bacterial infections that can put stress on your heart if you already have heart disease. Also, brushing and flossing your teeth regularly can prevent germs in your mouth from making their way to plaques in your heart, which could worsen cardiovascular disease. Get a flu shot. If you have cardiovascular disease, you're at a greater risk of having a heart attack should you catch the flu. Getting a flu shot decreases this risk. Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular disease is a general name for a wide variety of diseases, disorders and conditions that affect the heart and sometimes the blood vessels as well. Risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease include having hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Other risk factors include being of African-American ancestry, male, drinking excessive amounts of alcohol, having a lot of long-term stress, smoking and having a family history of a heart attack at an early age.Some different types of cardiovascular disease includes angina, heart attack, heart failure, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and cardiac arrhythmias. Other forms of cardiovascular disease include congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathy, infections of the heart, coronary artery disease, heart valve disorders, myocarditis, and pericarditis. Symptoms of cardiovascular disease vary depending on the specific type of cardiovascular disease. A classic symptom of cardiovascu lar disease is chest pain.However, with some forms of cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, there may be no symptoms in some people until life-threatening complications. Treatment of cardiovascular disease begins with prevention. Many forms of cardiovascular disease can be prevented or controlled effectively with prevention measures that include regular exercise, not smoking or drinking excessively, achieving and maintaining a healthy weight, and eating a heart-healthy well-balanced diet. Risk factors, such as high cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension can be prevented or controlled through these lifestyle changes, regular medical care and/or medication.Heart disease can be improved — or even prevented — by making certain lifestyle changes. The following changes can help anyone who wants to improve his or her heart health: Stop smoking. Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease, especially atherosclerosis. Nicotine constricts blood vessels and force s your heart to work harder, and carbon monoxide reduces oxygen in your blood and damages the lining of your blood vessels. If you smoke, quitting is the best way to reduce your risk of heart disease and its complications.Control your blood pressure. Ask your doctor for a blood pressure measurement at least every two years. Check your cholesterol. Ask your doctor for a baseline cholesterol test when you're in your 20s and then at least every five years. Keep diabetes under control. If you have diabetes, tight blood sugar control can help reduce the risk of heart disease. Get moving. If you have heart disease, exercise helps you achieve and maintain a healthy weight and control diabetes, elevated cholesterol and high blood pressure — all risk factors for heart disease.If you have a heart arrhythmia or heart defect, there may be some restrictions on the activities you can do, so be sure to talk to your doctor first. With your doctor's OK, aim for 30 to 60 minutes of physical ac tivity most days of the week. Even if you can't make time for one 30- to 60-minute exercise session, you can still benefit from breaking up your activity into several 10-minute sessions. Eat healthy foods. A heart-healthy diet based on fruits, vegetables and whole grains — and low in saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium — can help you control your weight, blood pressure and cholesterol.Eating one or two servings of fish a week also is beneficial. Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight increases your risk of heart disease. Weight loss is especially important for people who have large waist measurements — more than 40 inches (101. 6 centimeters, or cm) for men and more than 35 inches (88. 9 cm) for women — because people with this body shape are more likely to develop diabetes and heart disease. Manage stress. Reduce stress as much as possible. Practice healthy techniques for managing stress, such as muscle relaxation and deep breathing. Practice good hygiene habits.Staying away from other people when they are sick and regularly washing your hands can not only prevent heart infections but also can help prevent viral or bacterial infections that can put stress on your heart if you already have heart disease. Also, brushing and flossing your teeth regularly can prevent germs in your mouth from making their way to plaques in your heart, which could worsen cardiovascular disease. Get a flu shot. If you have cardiovascular disease, you're at a greater risk of having a heart attack should you catch the flu. Getting a flu shot decreases this risk.

Born On January 30Th, 1882, In Hyde Park, New York, Franklin

Born on January 30th, 1882, in Hyde Park, New York, Franklin Delano Roosevelt soon became arguably the most influential president in United States history. Roosevelt was the only president to be elected to four terms. He led the United States through some of its most difficult struggles, including the Great Depression and World War II. Roosevelt also was very set on expanding presidential power, which he did through his New Deal Program. Born into a rich family, a family well-known in several generations, Roosevelt was an only child. The Roosevelts lived in the Hudson River Valley. Franklin Roosevelt grew up with privilege. He was educated through tutors up until age 14, and he was the household’s center of attention. In 1896, Roosevelt†¦show more content†¦Roosevelt specialized in business operations. The founder of the U.S. Naval Reserve, he was restless as a subordinate to the Secretary of the Navy. In 1914, Roosevelt decided to run for U.S. Senate for the state of New York. He lacked support from Wilson, as Roosevelt had made far too many political enemies among New York Democrats. Roosevelt was easily defeated in the primary. Roosevelt found much success both personally and professionally in politics. Women found him attractive, which led to an affair with Eleanor Roosevelt’s social secretary. Eleanor ordered him to stop seeing Lucy Mercer, or she would file for divorce. Although he agreed, he continuously saw her throughout many years. Roosevelt later accepted the nomination of vice president for James M. Cox in 1920. Warren G. Harding defeated them, but Roosevelt gained national attention. Shortly after, Roosevelt received wind that he had contracted poliomyelitis, or polio, which meant permanent paralysis. He moved to Warm Springs, Georgia, to try to treat this disease, but never regained use of his legs. Roosevelt feared that a polio diagnosis would mean the end of his political career. Encouraged by his friends and family, he worked to gain physical strength and improve his image. He decided to learn to walk with braces and hide his wheelchair. He also began to find peace with his New York enemies. Roosevelt appeared in the 1924 and 1928 DNCs to nominate Al Smith for president, which gained him nationalShow MoreRelatedThe Life of Franklin D. Roosevelt1005 Words   |  5 PagesA mention of the name, Roosevelt D. Franklin to most Americans, rekindles the memories of the Second World War, the Manhattan projects and the subsequent bombing of two Japanese cities. What most of these people fail to understand is that Roosevelts presidency was the Second World War. Turth be told, Roosevelt is one the greatest presidents the United States ever had based on his personality and the challenges he faced while in the White House. This paper discusses a number of aspects about oneRead MoreA Man With No Bounds Essay1005 Words   |  5 PagesFranklin D. Roosevelt he is not just a person, he is a legacy the way he approached problems in his time â€Å"in charge†. The way he spoke to people was just outright amazing, like in his Infamy Speech after Pearl Harbor when he said, â€Å"With confidence in our armed forces, with the unbounding determination of our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph -- so help us God.† While in his long presidency, Franklin D. Roosevelt was considered by many, a amazing president who made all the right decisionsRead MorePearl Harbor : A Gateway Of Stren gth For Our Nation1381 Words   |  6 Pagesspeeches given by an influential American figure to impact the course of history itself. Whether it is a tragedy or an event to celebrate, the speeches given are a passage to a change in history for better or worse. In the â€Å"Pearl Harbor Address,† Franklin D. Roosevelt used parallel structure, rhetorical appeals, and diction to portray his strong opposing sentiments toward the catastrophic acts that occurred in Pearl Harbor, and changed American history course by declaring war against the Japanese

How Socially Useful Is Banking - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1712 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? For many companies in the real estate property development, the cost of construction equipment constitute the single most largest cost that can not be factored in to the final property price. Under current economic conditions, especially with respect to the housing market, developers must search every avenue for opportunities to minimize costs and maximize returns. Property developers have three basic options for meeting construction equipment needs needs: purchase the needed equipment, lease the needed equipment, or custom hire. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Socially Useful Is Banking" essay for you Create order Custom hire may work well for certain jobs, but often does not allow the amount of control many operations require. Like purchasing, leasing allows the real estate developer to maintain control of the timeliness and quality of the work conducted on their operation. Therefore real estate developer should evaluate leasing versus purchasing based on the economic opportunities that each provides. Discussion: Most leases consist of four basic components: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Periodic payment ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Length of lease ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Amount of use (hours, miles, etc.) ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Residual Under a standard lease agreement, the lessee (real estate developer) agrees to pay the lessor (bank, credit corporation, dealer, etc.) a specified amount (payment) at certain intervals over a certain length of time. Three-year leases with annual payments are very common, but any arrangement is possible. The lease will generally specify the amount of annual use permitted under the base contract. The amount needed to purchase the equipment at the end of the lease is the residual. Any and all of the components are negotiable. Lease arrangements are based on an initial price for the equipment. As with purchases, developers should negotiate the best deal possible, then consider whether to lease or purchase based on the negotiated price. Just as a lower negotiated price lowers the costs associated with a purchase, a lower negotiated price lowers the costs associated with a lease. Once the initial price has been established, the components of the lease can be finalized. Ideally for a real estate developer the lease agreement should be such that it fits their projects needs. It is imperative for the developer to evaluate the lease contracts for use levels above and below the expected use in order to determine the most economic level. The length of the lease should be determined by the needs of the project at hand. Consideration should be given to the length of time the equipment will be needed, the ability or desire to operate machinery past warranty, planned changes in the project (termination, expansion, etc.), and residual value. The residual is often the confusing part of a lease. The residual is the amount owed on the equipment at the end of the lease. Generally, the lessee may purchase the equipment for the residual value. The lease will often be designed so the residual is equal to the expected appraised value of the machinery at the end of the lease. The periodic lease payments will reflect the amount of the equipment used up during the lease term. Therefore, additional costs associated with excessive wear (hours, miles, etc.) or abuses over and above those designated in the base lease are usually quite expensive. Of course, the residual and the lease payments reflect a lease factor or discount rate. This discount rate may or may not be consistent with the interest rate of a purchase. If the desire is to purchase the equipment after the lease period, then the lessee may try to negotiate a lower residual as a result of higher payments. Depending on an individuals tax situation, this may be an attractive option; however, the tax man will not allow tax credits for leases if up front consideration is given to purchasing. Cost comparison example: When an asset is leased, the lessee loses the tax benefits of depreciation and interest associated with purchasing. However, the real estate developer can still deduct the full amount of the lease payment from taxable income as an operating expense. Determining which alternative provides the greater tax benefit is where the decision becomes most complicated. As a precaution, be sure to consult your accountant before signing a lease. There are a variety of leases, and many ways to interpret them for tax purposes. Most tax benefits associated with leasing and purchasing occur in the future. Therefore, the net cost of each alternative should be analyzed in terms of present dollars. Net present value (NPV) techniques can be used to compare the two options. In other words, the question of whether to lease or borrow can be answered by comparing the present values of the net cash outflows of lease payments and loan payments. In a lease versus purchase decision, the option with the lowest ne t present value of expense should be chosen. Choosing between Leasing and Purchasing: Getaway Real estate developers pay corporate tax at the rate of 40%. They need to purchase construction equipment to expand their business given they are still a small start up. Getaway employs the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MARCS) 150% declining balance method to compute depreciation. The construction equipments costs $1,250,000 and have a life of seven years. Getaway could either borrow and buy the equipments or lease them. Since insurance, taxes, fees and normal maintenance costs apply whether the equipment is leased or purchased, this are ignored in the analysis. Buy and borrow option; For this option, the underlying assumption is that Getaway will borrow the funds from a financial institution. The interest rate applicable is 8.75% and the financial institution requires a down payment of 25% to finance the deal. The repayment period will be for the life of the equipment-seven (7) years. Given that interest is a tax-deductable expense, it is necessary to calculate the annual interest that accrues on the borrowed money. Thus the yearly loan payment is calculated on the basis of equal loan and principal payments. Lease option; Getaway can get a lease contract for an annual payment of $208,440. This yearly payment was derived from a lease factor of 0.16675 provided by the lessor. Additionally, the terms put the lease time frame to be seven (7) years with a ten (10) percent residual at the end of the lease. The NPV of the lease expenditure-construction equipment; Year Tax Payment Cash Benefit PIVF Outflows PV of Cash @ 5% Outflows 0 208,440.00 208,440.00 1.000 208,440.00 1 208,440.00 97,133.00 111,307.00 0.952 105,964.26 2 208,440.00 97,133.00 111,307.00 0.907 100,955.45 3 208,440.00 97,133.00 111,307.00 0.864 96,169.25 4 208,440.00 97,133.00 111,307.00 0.823 91,605.66 5 208,440.00 97,133.00 111,307.00 0.784 87,264.69 6 208,440.00 97,133.00 111,307.00 0.746 83,035.02 7 125,000.00 97,133.00 27,867.00 0.711 19,813.44 Totals 1,584,080.00 679,931.00 904,149.00 793,247.77 The tax benefit of lease payments is given in column 3 and is arrived at by multiplying the lease payments in column 2 with the tax rate (46.6%). The Cash outflow in column 4 is the lease payment less the tax benefit. A present value of 5% is used to discount the cash outflows. Note that 5 percent is the after-tax cost of borrowing at 8.75 percent (8.75 % x (1- 0.466) = 5%). The reason for using 5 percent for the after-tax cost of borrowing is that the cash outflows include the tax benefit. To avoid counting the tax benefit twice, cash outflows should always be discounted at an after-tax rate, which in this example is about 5 percent. This method of determining to use 5 percent is debatable, but preferred. In some cases, the current rate of inflation is used. The total present value of the lease option is $793,248. NPV (in $) of Purchase with Equal Principal Payments Construction equipment (Loan Amount: $937,500) Year Loan Payment Interest Depreciation Ded. Exp @46.6% Tax Benefit per month Net Loan @ 5% PV Repayment after tax PV of Loan after Tax 0 312,500.00 1.00 312,500.00 1 215,960.00 82,030.00 133,930.00 215,960.00 100,630.00 115,322.60 0.952 109,787.20 2 204,240.00 70,310.00 239,130.00 309,440.00 144,199.00 60,041.00 0.907 54,457.20 3 192,520.00 58,590.00 187,880.00 246,470.00 114,855.00 77,665.00 0.864 67,102.50 4 180,800.00 46,880.00 153,130.00 200,010.00 93,204.70 87,595.30 0.823 72,091.00 5 169,080.00 35,160.00 153,130.00 188,290.00 87,743.10 81,336.90 0.784 63,768.10 6 157,370.00 23,440.00 153,130.00 176,570.00 82,281.60 75,088.40 0.746 56,015.90 7 145,650.00 11,720.00 153,130.00 164,850.00 76,820.10 68,829.90 0.711 48,938.10 1,578,120.00 328,130.00 1,173,460.00 1,501,590.00 699,733.50 565,879.10 784,660.00 NPV (in $) of Purchase with Equal Payments Center Pivot (Loan Amount: $937,500) Year Loan Payment Interest Depreciation Ded. Exp @46.6% Tax Benefit per month Net Loan @ 5% after Tax PV Re-payment PV of Loan after Tax 0 312,500.00 1.000 312,500.00 1 184,710.00 82,030.00 133,930.00 215,960.00 100,637.40 84,072.60 0.952 80,037.20 2 184,710.00 73,050.00 239,130.00 312,180.00 145,475.90 39,234.10 0.907 35,585.30 3 184,710.00 63,280.00 187,880.00 251,160.00 117,040.60 67,669.40 0.864 58,466.40 4 184,710.00 52,650.00 153,130.00 205,780.00 95,893.50 88,816.50 0.823 73,096.00 5 184,710.00 41,090.00 153,130.00 194,220.00 90,506.50 94,203.50 0.784 73,855.50 6 184,710.00 28,530.00 153,130.00 181,660.00 84,653.60 100,056.40 0.746 74,642.10 7 184,710.00 14,860.00 153,130.00 167,990.00 78,283.30 106,426.70 0.711 75,669.40 1,605,470.00 355,490.00 1,173,460.00 1,528,950.00 712,490.80 580,479.20 783,851.90 Including the down payment in the cash outflows for each loan scenario, total outlay is $1,578,120 and $1,605,470. This establishes the purchase option with the lowest cash outlay. The lease will have seven (7) payments of $208,440. Typically, the first payment is due at signing, which is assumed in this example. Also, as mentioned earlier, the lease includes a residual ($1,250,000) which is 10 percent of the entire principal of $1,250,000. Because center-pivots are used in this discussion, assume that the farmer will pay the residual and thus own the pivot at the end of the lease. Again, paying the residual is optional. If the farmer decided not to pay this, the lessor would retain ownership of the center-pivot. Thus, with the residual payment included, total cash outlay for the lease is $1,584,080. Given the analysis, it would seem obvious that the lease would be preferable to a fully amortized loan and only $5,960 less preferable than a loan with equal principal payments. However, the final decision should be made using the net present value approach. Net Present Value of Loan Payments In NPV of Purchase with Equal Principal Payments table and NPV of Purchase with Equal Payments, column 2 gives the annual loan repayment from which the tax benefit of interest and depreciation should be deducted. The tax benefit, as shown in column 6, is calculated by multiplying the interest and depreciation expenses by the tax rate of 46.6 percent. By subtracting the tax benefit from the annual loan repayment, the loan repayment after tax is shown in column 7. In column 9, the present value of loan repayments has been determined, using the present value interest factor of 5 percent, to obtain a total value of $784,660 for a loan with equal principal payments and $783,852 for a loan with equal payments. As stated earlier, the decision process is: 1. If NPV lease NPV purchase, borrow and buy the equipment. 2. If NPV lease NPV purchase, lease the equipment. Because the present value of the purchase expenditure $784,660 or $783,852 is lower than $793,248 (lease), the purchase option is more economical. XYZ Farms could save as much as $940 in current dollars by purchasing rather than leasing the pivots ($793,248-$783,852=$9,396). Obviously, $9,396 is not a significant savings for this level of investment. However, this analysis has exposed some points for consideration. For example, it is easy to say that the cash expense of the lease option is $2,139 less than a fully amortized loan ($1,605,470-$1,584,080 = $21,390, Column 2 in Tables 1 3). One could also say it would be $596 less expensive to structure a loan with equal principal payments ($1,584,080-$1,578,120 = $5,960). However, simply looking at the cash outlay for each alternative is only scratching the surface. Consideration must be given to the tax benefits of both leasing and purchasing. In the example, purchasing proved to be the best choice over leasing, no matter how the loan payments were structured

E Business Model The Marketing Model - 885 Words

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Barn Burning (644 words) Essay Example For Students

Barn Burning (644 words) Essay Barn BurningIn â€Å"Barn Burning,† Faulkner incorporates several instances of irony. He utilizes thisliterary tool in order to help the development of his characters and to express his ultimatemessage to the readers. Some examples of his use of irony are the unintentional yetinevitable ending of the Snopes family time after time, the similarities and differencesbetween Sarty Snopes and his father, and finally, the two distinct purposes for whichAbner Snopes uses fire. Separately, each is able to contribute to the development of thetwo main characters in the short story. Collectively, they are also able to help Faulknerconvey his personal message that essentially, an individual’s sense of values compriseswho he/she is. The most obvious instance of irony is the uncanny fashion in which each endeavorof the Snopes family concludes every time. To the reader’s knowledge, it is neitherintended nor premeditated that each attempt of the family to make a new start results inthe same outcome. Each struggle is exactly that, yielding the invariable, undesired resultof a barn being engulfed in ravaging flames and the family being forced to search for anew beginning. These trials help Sarty understand that in order to take control of his owndestiny, he must separate himself from his family and venture out on his own. If he everwishes to live a life other than that of a vagabond with no real chance for happiness orstability, he must leave now. Another case of the use of irony is the comparison between Sarty Snopes and hisfather. While they physically resemble each other, their morals could not differ more. Sarty is â€Å"small and wiry like his father (p267, paragraph 7).† However the similaritiesare strictly limited to physical characteristics. The values and principles that the fatherand son embrace reveal the true contrast between the two. Abner allows his emotionsand pride to get the better of him, controlling his actions and making him react in anirrational manner. This tears young Sarty apart because although he wishes to obey andhonor his father, he cannot morally respect Abner and his deeds. Faulkner uses thiscontrast in ideals to help Sarty realize that he is does not want to grow up like his fathernor is he obligated to follow in his footsteps. It helps him to see that he must escape if heever wants to change his way of life. The final example of irony is perhaps the most important and effective. AbnerSnopes uses fire for two very distinct purposes which is the epitome of irony. He usesthe fire in a very destructive manner each time he burns down a barn. This immenseblaze serves no purpose but to keep intact his pride, â€Å"the element of fire spoke to somedeep mainspring of his father’s being,as the one weapon for the preservation ofintegrity (p 270, paragraph 1).† However, when it comes to keeping his family warm,Abner sets only â€Å"a small fire, niggard almost, a shrewd fire (p 270, paragraph 1).† Tospare the warmth of a large fire for his family while setting grand ones for theunnecessary purpose of demolishing a barn seems ridiculous. Abner Snopes clearly hashis priorities out of order. He is too caught up in his own egotism to realize that hisfamily is suffering right before him. Although literally, Abner’s habit is to burn barns,perhaps what he is really burning is th e very bridge his family needs to cross in order toachieve contentment, success, and stability. .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 , .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .postImageUrl , .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 , .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704:hover , .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704:visited , .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704:active { border:0!important; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704:active , .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704 .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u05ab67d1dc3f1ea6da5c0f5a5f15d704:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Fibonacci Numbers EssayFaulkner’s message about the importance of individual values and ideals iswell-expressed through â€Å"Barn Burning.† It is clear that Abner lacks both and is thereforeunable to provide for his family and induces his own untimely death. Sarty representsthe hope that could have easily fallen into the footsteps of an overbearing father butinstead was wise enough to realize the fault in Abner’s ways and realign himself. English Essays

Nike Ppt Essay Example

Nike Ppt Essay â€Å"Greeks say when we go to battle and win,we say it is NIKE† INTRODUCTION TO NIKE †¢ Est. in 1960 in Oregon †¢ Phil knight and Bowerman- founder †¢ Started small and now has covered U. S and international markets †¢ Nike is now one of the biggest mfd. Of the world BACKGROUND †¢ Most of the factories are located in Asia including Indonesia,China,Taiwan,India Thailand,Veitnam,Pakistan ,Philippines and Malaysia †¢ Nike outsourcing contracts around 500 factories in 45 countries. Nike currently controls more than 45% of the US sportswear market. Background cont. †¢ The company initially operated as a distributor for Japanese shoe maker Onitsuka Tiger, making most sales at track meets out of Knights automobile. †¢ The companys profits grew quickly, and in 1966, BRS opened its first retail store, located on Pico Boulevard in Santa Monica, California. By 1971, the relationship between BRS and Onitsuka Tiger was nearing an end. ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY †¢ Child labour †¢ Not satisfying customer needs †¢ Ignorance of mkt. trends Accusations In 1996-1997, Nike was accused of labor violations and human rights abuses in foreign countries (mainly Asian). Contrary Evidences †¢ Thousands of mostly young, female workers in Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Vietnam, China) were being exposed to reproductive toxins and suspected carcinogens. †¢ Some workers were not earning a living wage even though they work oftentimes 12 to 14 hours per day. †¢ Nike workers in Southeast Asia have suffered corporal punishment and corporal abuse. †¢ Nike young female workers have suffered sexual harassment. Nike workers in Southeast Asia have been forced to work overtime in violation of applicable laws. Core issue of Nike NIKE PRATICES CHILD LABOUR †¢ Children are not only the easiest to intimidate, theyre also the cheapest workers. Twelve-year-old Tariq, one of thousands employed in Pakistans soccer ball industry, which produces five million balls a year for the U. S. market, stitches leather pieces in Mahotra. He earns 60 cen ts a ball, and it takes most of a day to make one (Schanberg, 1996: 38). We will write a custom essay sample on Nike Ppt specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nike Ppt specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nike Ppt specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Silgi is only three. Her hands are so tiny she cant handle a scissors. But she started stitching soccer balls recently to help her mother and four sisters. Together they earn 75 cents a day working in their shanty home in Jullundur, India (Sidebar to Life Magazine Story, p 41 NOTE: There is a photo (Source) of a young girl dressed in town and soiled clothing next to the soccer ball clutching a needle and thread. The needle is longer than her fingers. †¢ CONSEQUENCES Nike executives have been targets at public place †¢ Students have pressed administrators and athletic directors to ban products that have been made under â€Å"sweatshop† conditions †¢ In 2002 an individual sued Nike, alleging that the company knowingly made false and misleading statements in its denial of direct participation in abusive labor conditions abroad. REMEDIES †¢ Nike defended, through corporate news releases, full-page ads in major newspapers, and letters to editors †¢ Nike gav e $1. million to the Washington D. C. based Fair Labor Association (FLA) †¢ In 2003, company employed 86 compliance officer †¢ But stigma of past practices remains emblazoned on its image and brand name. Nike’s Responses †¢ Nike responded with†¦ – Press releases – Letters to the newspaper – Personal letters to university presidents and athletic directors – Campus Visits – Independent audit of factories – Speak at conferences COMPILED BY AKRITI JHA DEEPTI SINGH TRIPTI SINGH

Truth Of Juvenile Delinquency Essays - Criminology, Crime, Penology

Truth Of Juvenile Delinquency A movement has taken hold nationally to change the juvenile justice system, and erase any distinction between young offenders and adult criminals. Almost all fifty states have overhauled their juvenile justice laws, allowing more youths to be tried as adults and scrapping long-time protections to help rehabilitate delinquent kids and prevent future crimes. The current debate over juvenile crime is being dominated by two voices: elected officials proposing quick-fix solutions, and a media more intent on reporting violent crimes than successful prevention efforts. Politicians feel that best and easiest solution is to simply lock up youth offenders for long periods of time, and ignore rehabilitation. The most recent studies demonstrate that putting young offenders in adult prisons leads to more crime, higher prison costs, and increased violence. Yet, we are spending more and more on corrections, and less on prevention efforts. Some states spend more on corrections than they do on higher education. The cost of keeping juveniles in prison as compared to putting them into rehabilitation programs is astronomically higher. The Average cost of incarcerating a juvenile for one year is between $35,000 to $64,000. However, the average cost of an intervention program is $4,300 per child a year. Also the effectiveness of prisons to prevent juveniles from becoming repeat offenders is low. Kids, who have already spent time in adult prisons, are far more likely to commit more serious crimes when they are released. Crime prevention programs work and are cost-effective. They have been shown to reduce crime substantially when compared to imprisonment after crimes have been committed. There have many crime prevention programs around the country that have been very successful in helping to reduce juvenile crime. Many states use early intervention programs that are designed to help parents of troubled kids in raising their children. These programs offer strategies and tactics for hel ping supervise and discipline troubled children. This is done because it is believed that one of causes of delinquency is that parents of kids with delinquent tendencies simply don't know what to do with them. This program as well as other similar ones, have been shown to have quite an influence on crime prevention. Media reports on juvenile crime are greatly exaggerated. While some headlines suggested that a ?ticking time bomb? of so-called ?superpredator children? is waiting to explode, the studies show that this is simply not true. Crime level indicators show that the male ?at risk? population will rise over the next decade, but the levels are far from the explosive level that the media would like to suggest. In fact, the levels are lower than those reached in the late 1970's , when the ?at risk? population last peaked. The public also holds greatly distorted views about the prevalence and severity of juvenile crime. Contrary to public perception, the percentage of violent crimes committed by juveniles is low, only 13% of violent crimes are committed by young people. Also, most juvenile arrests have nothing to do with violence. Most kids only go through the juvenile justice system once. Also, most youths will simply out grow delinquent behavior once they mature. The true ?juvenile predator? is actually a rare breed. But the media thrives on sensationalism, so they make it appear that crime is everywhere in order to sell more news papers, or have people watch their broadcast. Juvenile crime does exist and youths do commit violent acts. However, it is not on the scale that many people would like the public to believe. The solution is to this problem is not a simple one and can not be solved by simply putting kids in adult prisons. More effective solutions should be explored and put to use. A movement has taken hold nationally to change the juvenile justice system, and erase any distinction between young offenders and adult criminals. Almost all fifty states h ave overhauled their juvenile justice laws, allowing more youths to be tried as adults and scrapping long-time protections to help rehabilitate delinquent kids and prevent future crimes. The current debate over juvenile crime is being dominated by two voices: elected officials proposing quick-fix solutions, and a media more intent on reporting violent crimes than successful prevention efforts. Politicians